新生儿先天畸形134例相关因素分析报告

Relevant factor analysis of neonatal congenital malformation in cases

目的 探讨导致新生儿畸形的各种可能相关因素。方法 回顾性分析 1995年～ 2 0 0 0年 7年间本院新生儿畸形、死亡的病例。结果 统计分析新生儿畸形 134例 ,占同年围产儿分娩人数 0 .6 5 % ,前三位的新生儿畸形为 :唇腭裂 (19.2 6 % )、先天性心脏病 (15 .6 % )、多指 /并指畸形 (9.6 3% )。新生儿畸形中在第二季度出生者比其他季度高 ,畸形儿男婴较女婴多。相关因素方面 :AB血型孕妇较易分娩神经系统、心血管系统畸形儿。职业是农民的孕妇分娩的新生儿神经系统畸形比率较大 ,母亲是职员的新生儿颜面畸形和唇腭裂所占的比率较大。丈夫饮酒和 /或吸烟者 ,新生儿消化系统、心血管系统畸形比率高。结论 新生儿畸形与孕期病毒感染、母亲血型、职业以及父亲饮酒、吸烟有关。应加强孕前及孕期保健 ,积极开展产前诊断工作 ,降低新生儿畸形率。还应对可能的影响新生儿畸形的各因素进行进一步研究 ,明确各发病因素的相关性。

Objective: To investigate the relevant factor of congenital malformation Methods: We retrospectively reviewed and analyzed the data of congenital malformation during 1995-2002 in our hospital. Results: There were total 134 cases of congenital malformation occurred in these 7 years, at a rate of 0.65%. The major congenital malformation were cheilognathoschisis, congenital heart disease, polysyndactyly or dactylium。The proportion of congenital malformation in the 2nd season is higher than the others. ( P <0.05). Males were more than females. The proportion of NTD and congenital heart disease in the parturient of blood type AB is higher than it of the other blood type。The same was the proportion of NTD in the farmers, of cheilognathoschisis in the clerk , The proportion of congenital heart disease and congenital malformation in digestive system is higher in the congenital malformation of the drunk or smoking man's infant. Conclusion: it is suggested by our data that birth defect may have relativity with the blood type and the career of parturient, and the father's drinking or smoking. Intensive research should be done to decrease the birth defect.