近视眼的屈光度、眼轴、角膜屈光力的相关性探讨

Study of Relation Among Dioptre, Keratorefractive Power and Optic Axis of Myopia

目的 :探讨近视眼的屈光度、眼轴、角膜屈光力之间的相关关系以及近视的成因。方法 :将 2 0 4例 (348只眼 )近视患者分为三组 :低度近视组 6 2眼 (屈光度 <- 3 0D) ;中度近视组 15 9眼 (屈光度 - 3 0D～ - 6 0D) ;高度近视组 12 7眼 (屈光度 >- 6 0D)。测量患者眼的屈光度、角膜屈光力及眼轴 ,与近视程度、角膜屈光力、眼轴的关系。结果 :在低度近视组 ,6 2只眼屈光度与眼轴长度无显著相关性 ,而屈光度与角膜水平径、垂直径屈光力呈正相关 (P <0 0 5 ) ,相关具有显著性 ;在中度近视组和高度近视组屈光度与眼轴长呈正相关 (P <0 0 5 ) ,相关具有显著性 ,且随近视度数的增加 ,与眼轴长的相关系数呈递增趋势 ,而中、高度组患者眼屈光度与角膜水平径及垂直径屈光力无显著相关性。结论 :在近视性屈光不正的影响因素中 ,低度近视眼患者受角膜屈光力的影响相对较大 ,而眼轴的作用甚微 ;在中、高度近视眼患者中 ,眼轴长是影响近视程度的主要因素 ,而角膜屈光力几乎不起作用。

Objective:To study the correlations among the diopter, corneal refractive power, and optic axis of myopia. Methods:According to the myopic degree, two hundred and four cases (348eyes)of myopes were divided into three groups: mild (dioptre <-3.0D, 62 eyes), moderate (dioptre<-3.0D～-6.0D,159 eyes) high (dioptre >-6.0D 127eyes) myopic groups.The dioptre, corneal refractive power and optic axis of myopic eyes in each group were measured by optometry, topography and ultrasonography respectively. Results:In mild myopic group, the dioptre showed no statistical relation to the length of optic axis; while the dioptre showed statistical positive relation to the corneal refractive power (P<0.05); In moderate and high myopic groups, the dioptre appeared positive correlation to the length of optic axis (P<0.05), while the dioptre appeared no relation to corneal refractive power. Conclusions:The length of axis and the corneal refractive power are two main factors involved in the formation of myopia. The corneal refractive power is more important than the length of axis in mild myopia, while the length of axis is more important than corneal refractive power in moderate and high myopia.