降水量的空间变异性和空间插值方法的比较研究

Comparative Study on the Spatial Variability of Rainfall and Its Spatial Interpolation Methods

为了比较降水量空间变异性研究的各种空间插值方法的优劣 ,选择无定河流域 ,运用逆距离加权法、趋势面拟合法、样条插值法、普通Kriging法和泛Kriging法等空间插值方法对流域的降水量进行了插值及空间场的变异分析。就普通Kriging法而言 ,结果显示降水量半变异函数符合一般的球状模型。把各种插值的连续空间分布与实际观察数据进行比较 ,结果表明 :几种插值方法并无显著差异 ,但其中以普通Kriging法和逆距离加权法整体效果最好 ,尤以普通Kriging法环形模型最佳。最后分别运用上述插值方法对流域的降水量进行了空间插值并成图。

In order to compare the advantages and disadvantages of the spatial interpolation methods of rainfall spatial variation studies, rainfall interpolation and spatial field variation are analyzed by using reverse-distance weighing method, trend surface fitting, sampling strip interpolation method, ordinary Kriging method and universal Kriging method with a target study of Wuding River Basin. As for the ordinary Kriging technique, the rainfall semi-variation function agrees well with the shape of sphere model. Through comparing the results of continuous spatial distribution of the interpolation methods with those of the actual observation, it is indicated that there is no significant differences between the results of the interpolation methods, the results of ordinary Kriging method and reverse-distance weighing method can obtain the better integer effect, especially that of the ring model of ordinary Kriging method the best. The spatial interpolation and mapping for the rainfall in the basin are also conducted by using the interpolation methods mentioned above.