76例重型斑秃的临床分析

The Clinical Analysis on 76 Cases with Severe Alopecia Areata

目的 :探讨重型斑秃的临床特征。方法 :回顾分析了近 4年诊治的 76例重型斑秃病例。结果 :重型斑秃中女性患者的病程比男性患者长 (P <0 0 5 ) ,与重型斑秃中的斑秃相比 ,甲异常改变更多见于全秃和普秃患者 (P <0 0 5 ) ,有家族斑秃史患者与无家族斑秃史患者比较 ,两者的初次发病年龄有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5 ) ,发病前伴有精神神经因素诱发者比无伴有精神神经因素诱发者病程要短 (P <0 0 5 )。结论 :女性重型斑秃患者可能病程更容易持续延绵、迁移反复 ,重型斑秃中有家族斑秃史者 ,它的发病年龄更早 ,甲异常改变不但多见于病程较长、病情顽固、反复的患者 ,而且也多见于病情较重的患者 ,全秃和普秃患者甲异常改变更多见 ,重型斑秃的治疗应注意精神因素的影响及强调综合治疗。

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristic of severe alopecia areata. Methods:76 cases with severe alopecia areata have been treated during the past 4 years were retrospectively analyzed. Results:Severe alopecia areata in female patients have longer duration than in male patients(P<0.05). Nail changes were more frequently observed in the patients with alopecia totalis and alopecia universalis than alopecia areata(P<0.05), and a significant difference in the onset age between the patients with a family history of alopecia areata and without family history was noticed(P<0.05). The disease course of severe alopecia areata induced by mental and mental factors was shorter than those that are not induced by such factors(P<0.05). Conclusion:Severe alopecia areata in female patients had a longer duration and was more repeatable. Patients with the family history of alopecia areata showed the earlier onset age than those without family history. Nail changes were not only showed in repeatable patients with a longer duration, but also done in patients with severe situation. Most frequently, they were observed in patients with alopecia toalis and alopecia universalis. For the severe alopecia areata, mental factors should be considered and comprehensive therapy should be used.