利用《大学生人格问卷》进行大学新生心理问题筛查

Screening of Mental Problems in Freshmen with “University Personality Inventory”

目的 对大学生人格问卷的筛选标准进行探讨。方法 应用人格问卷量表测量 2 2 72名大学新生。结果 大学生人格测量得分最低为 0分 ,最高为 46分 ,平均得分为 9 88± 6 73分。 8 9%的新生总分超过 2 0分 ,其中 3 3 %的新生超过 2 5分。有各类心理问题的人数为 :一类占总数的 2 7 3 % ,二类占 2 5 6% ,三类人数近 5 0 % ,三者 (P <0 0 1 )差异显著 ;1 5 0人患有心理症倾向 ,占总数的 6 65 % ,其中抑郁症、精神分裂症和神经症分别占总数的 7 6%、 4 9%和 2 8% ;有 1 67%的人有自杀意念 ;超过 1 / 5的新生有咨询要求。结论 以人格问卷的总分来判断 ,人格问卷筛选标准有较好的地区分度 ,能够客观区别有无心理问题。

Objective To investigate the psychology of freshmen in China.Methods University Personality Inventory (UPI) was used to investigate the psychology of 2273 freshmen of South China Agricultural University, recruited in 2002, 1404 males aged 19.04±0.93, and 866 females aged 19.04±0.93. Results The general score of UPI was 9.88±6.73. 8.9% of the freshmen got a UPI score >20.85. freshmen (3.3%) got a UPI score >25.27.3% of them were catogorized as UPI class Ⅰ, 25.6% as UPI class Ⅱ, and nearly 50% as UPI class Ⅲ. The general UPI scores of the freshmen of these 3 groups were significantly different between any 2 group of them (all P<0.05). Those who had an intention of suicide, totally 38 (1.67%) got a UPI score of 21.84±9.34, significantly higher than those without an intention of suicide (9.68±6.49, P<0.01). Those who selected ≥2 critical questions or auxiliary questions got an average UPI score of 17.49±8.34, significantly higher than those who selected one critical questions or auxiliary question (9.15±6.07, P<0.01). More than 1/5 of the freshmen had the needs for psychological counseling. 25% of the freshmen, considered themselves with psychological problems. However, only 3.7% of them had sought psychological counseling.Conclusion According to general UPI scores, the screening standard of UPI can objectively distinguish mental problems.