输液过程中液体细菌污染的监测及对策

Monitoring and countmeasures of infusion liquid contamination

目的了解输液过程中液体细菌污染的环节。方法对输液过程中液体瓶塞开启处、输液管瓶端针头和静脉穿刺针分别进行细菌培养。结果(1)100个待输液瓶塞消毒后无污染,输液过程中换下来的100个液体瓶塞,14个有污染,两组数据经字2检验,P<0.001,有显著性差异。(2)100个使用后的静脉穿刺针22个有污染,100个输液管瓶端针头7个有污染,两组比较,污染率经过字2检验,P<0.01,有显著性差异。(3)检出细菌主要是常见的空气污染菌。结论空气中的微生物气溶胶、床单被服及护理人员的手接触是造成污染的主要原因。应加强病室清洁管理和输液时的无菌操作管理,合理安排病室清扫和输液时间,减少空气污染,防止输液操作各环节造成的污染。

Objective To investigate liquid contamination ways in intravenous transfusion. Methods Bacterial cultures were made on venipuncture needle, the puncture needle head of liquid bottle and the open site of rubber plug in intravenous transfusion. Results (1)The bacterial contamination rate of the 100 bottle rubber plugs were 0 and 14% respectively before and after intravenous transfusion. The later is significantly higher than the former (by X2test, P<0.01).(2)The contamination rate of 100 used venipunctures was 22%,and the rate of 100 puncture needle heads of liquid bottle was 7%.The former is significantly higher than the later (by X2 test, P<0.01). (3)Most of the contaminated bacterial were common air bacterial. Conclusions Contamination are caused mainly by microbe airsols, ward sheets, and hand touches of nursing staff. Good management of ward clean, right transfusion time, practice of disinfection principles can lessen air bacterial contamination and intravenous transfusion contamination.