高温高湿环境下猫颅脑火器伤的病理学改变

Pathological changes of cat brain tissues after cranial gunshot wound in hot and humid environment

目的 研究高温高湿环境下猫颅脑火器伤后病理学变化特点。方法 将杂种猫16只随机分为常温组、常温枪伤组、高温高湿组和高温高湿枪伤组,分别在光镜和电镜下观察其脑组织病理改变。结果 常温枪伤组早期表现为血管舒缩功能障碍,血管痉挛及扩张并存;高温高湿组血管痉挛减少,出血性表现增多;高温高湿枪伤组脑组织切片及超薄切片观察发现神经细胞存活数量明显减少,细胞器水肿变性,毛细血管紧密连接增宽,毛细血管破裂出血,髓鞘变性松解等病理变化,较常温颅脑火器伤中明显加重。结论 高温高湿环境对颅脑火器伤时的病理变化影响显著。

Objective To investigate pathological changes in cat brain tissues after gunshot wound in the head in hot and humid environments. Methods Sixteen cats were randomly divided into 4 groups, namely the normal environment (group 1), gunshot in normal environment (group 2), hot and humid environment (group 3), and gunshot wound in hot and humid environment (group 4) groups. Pathologicol changes of the cat brain tissues were observed with both optical and electron microscopes. Results The early-stage changes in group 2 were high-lighted by vasomotor dysfunction, with the coexistence of both vascular spasm and dilation. In group 3, vascular spasm was depressed while hemorrhagic changes increased. On the brain tissue sections in group 4 for optical microscopic observation and ultra-thin sections for electron microscopic examination, the number of viable neural cells was obviously reduced, and edema, degeneration of the organelle occurred; loosening of the capillary tight junction, rupture and bleeding of the blood vessels, as well as degeneration and loosening of the myelin sheath were observed by transmission and scanning electron microscopes, and such changes were more serious than those in group 2. Conclusion The hot and humid environment can significantly affect the pathological changes in the brain tissues of cat with cranial gunshot wound.