2003年兴宁市城乡中小学生视力不良现况调查

Survey of the Poor Eyesight Among the Students in Xingning City and the Countryside

目的了解广东省兴宁市城乡中小学生视力不良状况。方法对市教育局直属城乡13所中小学,其中中学7所,小学6所,共26980名学生进行普查,采用统一的灯箱对数视力表,悬挂时5.0行与被检查者双眼同一水平高度;检查距离为5m,检查人员经过统一培训,统一操作方法和程序。判断标准被检查者单侧裸视力<5.0为视力不良。视力不良分类标准4.9为轻度视力不良,4.6～4.8为中度视力不良,≤4.5为重度视力不良。结果检查学生26980名,视力不良11868,视力不良率为43.99%。随年级增高而明显上升,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),并有逐年递增趋势(P<0.01)。城区内学生视力不良率高于城郊学生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论中小学生视力不良与学生课业负担重、视近时间、坐姿、读写习惯、用眼卫生等因素有关。因此应对中小学生,特别是小学生进行广泛卫生知识教育,养成良好的用眼卫生习惯,从根本上降低青少年视力不良的发生。

Objective To study the poor eyesight situation of the students in the Xingning city and countryside. Method The eyesight of 26 980 students in 13 schools(7 high schools and 6 primary schools)were tested by standard method.Results 11 868(43 99%)students had poor eyesight. There was a higher percentage of students with poor eyesight in the town than those in countryside(P< 0 01).The poor eyesight condition was worse amount the senior students. Conclusions The poor eyesight of students was associated with the factors such as homework loading, sitting posture, reading and writing habits. The best measurement to prevent poor eyesight among the students should be through the education of the students on how to protect the eyesight.