大豆抗大豆胞囊线虫3号生理小种的抗性机制研究

Research on the Resistant Mechanisms of Soybean(Glycine max) to Heterodera glycines

从大豆胞囊线虫生活史的各个环节对大豆抗大豆胞囊线虫3号生理小种的抗性机制进行了系统的研究。某些抗病品种中可在出苗第13～16d诱导产生迫使2龄幼虫大量离开根的抗性;绝大多数抗病品种可以抑制部分2龄幼虫发育成3龄幼虫;大多数抗病品种都可以抑制部分或全部3龄幼虫发育成4龄幼虫;抗病品种形成的雄虫量远高于雌虫量;部分抗病品种可抑制4龄幼虫发育成胞囊。根系分泌物抑制或不刺激胞囊孵化的大豆品种根际土中的2龄幼虫数量较低,是抗性的一种表现。在碱性条件下有利于胞囊孵化,孵化的最适pH值为7.1～7.6,从而解释了盐碱地大豆胞囊线虫病害严重的原因。寄主抗侵入定殖的试验结果表明,PI90763和PI437654具有很强的抗侵入定殖的能力。

The resistant mechanisms of soybean(Glycine max) to race 3 of soybean cyst nematode(Heterodera glycines, SCN) were introduced in this paper. Some resistant varieties could repel the J2 of SCN to depart from the soybean root when they penetrated in root after 13d to 16d seedling. The development from J2 to J3 of SCN was partly suppressed in the root of most resistant varieties, and the development of partly or all J3 to J4 was suppressed for most resistant soybeans. Some resistant soybean varieties could stop the juveniles to develop into cysts. The hatching of cysts were suppressed by the root secretion of some resistant varieties. The high pH value (pH 7.1 to pH 7.6) could promote the hatching of SCN. This is one reason to explain why the SCN disease was more serious in the saline-alkali soil than other type soil. PI90763 and PI437654 could markedly protect from the penetration and colonizing of SCN.