宪法的人权保障机制研究——“人权保障条款”的解读

Research on the Constitution's Safeguard System of Human Rights —— Analysis of "Safeguard Clause to Human Rights

保障人权是宪法的终极价值。宪法对人权的保障体现在两个方面:一是宏观保障,控制国家权力;二是微观保障,规定基本权利的内容。历史地看,宏观上,人权观念的变化促使了宪法观念从限制国家权力到作为共同体的根本价值的变化。微观上,人权促使了基本权利的增长。这两方面的变化体现了人权保障的新跨越。我国宪法和现代宪法观念有暗合之处,但不能等同。这是对我国人权保障条款的认识的平台。

Safeguard of human rights is the ultimate value of the constitution, which implies two parts, namely, macro-safeguard —— controlling the state power and micro-safeguard —— regulating the contents of basic rights. From the aspects of history and macroscopy, changes in the concept of human rights impel fundamental value of the concept of the institution to change from controlling the state power to being the community. In microscopic view, human rights contribute to an increase in basic rights. These changes reflect the spanning of safeguard of human rights. The constitution of China is coincident with that of modern constitution, which is not equal to the gateway to understand the safeguard clause to human rights in China.