就肃北县草原生态环境现状谈实施草原生态置换的必要性

The necessity to apply ecological displacement to the grassland in subei county

草原退化、效益低下是当前生态环境保护、草原畜牧业发展中存在的突出矛盾。根据多次考查和多年积累的资料研究 ,认为肃北蒙古族自治县草原生态环境的主要问题是 :水资源逐渐萎缩 ;水土流失和干旱灾害日趋严重 ;土地沙漠化不断扩大和蔓延 ;草原害鼠活动猖獗 ;草原载畜能力已超过临界放牧标准。现行的利用、保护对策对局部改善草原生态环境具有不可替代的作用 ,但弊端较多。从生态环境保护、牧区经济发展、西部大开发建设、牧民生产方式转变、社会稳定等诸方面论述了肃北实施草地生态置换工程的必要性和紧迫性。

Grassland deterioration and low economic efficiency are the key problems in protecting the grassland ecology and developing its animal husbandry. Based on the result of several surveys and on many year's data, the key problems in the grassland ecology in Subei County is decided as :shrinking water resource ; soil erosion; rising droughts; spreading desertification ; increasingly serious damage caused by mouse ; the grazing capacity reaching margin. Although the existing protection measures are effective in part of the grassland , there are many faults. This paper discusses the necessity and urgency to implement “the grassland ecology displacement project ” from the following six aspects: protecting ecological environment ; developing economy in the grazing area ; developing northwest China ; changing the way of living in the grazing area; stabling social order.