退耕还林中“经济林”和“生态林”的概念和比例问题

Discussion on Concept and Proportion of Economic Forest and Ecologic Forest in Returning Cultivated Land to Forest

剖析了“经济林”和“生态林”在森林学和退耕还林政策中的不同含义 ,在总结不同学者认识的基础上 ,结合对西北退耕还林地区以及安徽砀山县的考察 ,讨论了国家退耕还林政策所规定的“经济林”和“生态林”的比例问题。分析表明 :我国在森林学和国家退耕还林政策中的经济林、生态林的概念 ,需要进一步明确 ;退耕还林政策中的生态林与经济林比例一刀切的做法是不可取的 ;许多地区的实践经验表明 ,种植经济林同样可以兼顾生态和经济社会效益的提高 ,并有利于退耕还林工作的持续实施。因此 ,应当在条件允许的地方 ,适当扩大经济林的比例 ,并力图通过经济林的发展 ,在确保生态效益提高的同时 ,达到促进农民经济增收和社会稳定的目的。

Many problems occurred in the course of implementing the Strategy of Western Development,of which the selection of tree species and planting management are the typical ones.To tackle these problems,the first step is to clarify the concept of ecologic forest and economic forest,and to determine their proportion according to the aim of the reclamation,the ecologic environment and social economy of the area.Various concepts and contents of ecological forest and economic forest are investigated in the field of Silviculture and of the policy of returning cultivated land to forest,and also the proportion of economic forest and ecologic forest is discussed,considering both understandings of lots of scholars and the author's case study of the reclamation area in Western China and Dangshan County in Anhui Province.The result reflects that further effort should be dedicated to precise the concept of the economic forest and that of the ecologic forest,and a unified proportion of the both kinds of forest should be adjusted to be flexible,because the economy forest can benefit both the ecology and economy of the area,and so keep sustainable and feasible the implementing of conversion of the farmland into forest.So given the suitable condition,the proportion of economic forest should be increased appropriately,and through which,the income would be increased and the society would be stable.