北方典型草原水土保持生态修复技术

Idea and Measures of Soil and Water Conservation Eco-rehabilitation in North Typical Grassland Areas

北方典型草原由于气候特点及超载过牧等不合理的草地利用方式 ,使该区域水土流失严重 ,草场沙化退化面积不断扩展。草地生态环境恶化 ,不仅使当地畜牧业发展受到限制 ,而且使京津地区生态环境受到严重的影响。因此 ,在分析该区域基本情况和生态现状的基础上 ,提出草地水土保持生态修复思路 :建立水—草—畜平衡发展体系 ;充分发挥大自然的自我修复能力 ;转变畜牧业生产经营方式 ;坚持“小开发、大保护”;加大水土保持生态建设的力度。并提出了北方典型草原水土保持生态修复的主要技术及综合配套措施 ,为今后水土保持生态修复工作提供一定科学依据。

In north typical grassland areas, because of some unreasonable using modes, such as climate features and over loading, soil and water loss is serious and the area of sand desertification and degeneration extends constantly. Deterioration of grassland eco-environment not only restricts the development of local animal husbandry but also influences the eco-environment of the areas around Beijing and Tianjin. Consequently, on the basis of analyzing local basic situations and ecological status quo,the author puts forward the idea of grassland soil and water conservation eco-rehabilitation. It includes establishing development system of water, grassland and livestock, bringing self-rehabilitation of the nature into full play, changing the production and management modes of animal husbandry, persisting in small development and big protection and strengthening soil and water conservation eco-construction.And finally,some measure of soil and water conservation for eco-rehabilitation in north typical grassland areas are put forward, which will provide certain scientific gist for future soil and water conservation eco-rehabilitation work.