影响龙泉务香白杏低产因素的初步研究

Study on the factors influenced the Yield of Apricot "Longquanwu Xiangbai

通过对北京龙泉务香白杏的完全花比率、座果率,以及授粉亲和性等观察与实验,对龙泉务香白杏不结果原因进行探讨。结果表明,不同种类结果枝的完全花比率差异显著,短果枝上的完全花比率最高,为35 8%;其次为花束状果枝,为29 1%;徒长性果枝最低,仅占14 6%。不同类型果枝上的完全花比率均值为28 4%。在所调查的5个授粉品种树中,仅银白杏、串铃杏可作为龙泉务香白杏的授粉树,但其亲和率仍然很低,仅为5 5%和2 5%,这说明当地缺乏与其适宜的授粉品种树,这也是龙泉务香白杏低产的主要原因。在大蕾期喷施硼尿素溶液能显著提高龙泉务香白杏的座果率。

To investgate the reasons causing lower fruit set of apricot of cultivar 'Longquanwu Xiangbai', a series of pertinent surveys and experiments were investigated in Longquanwu village from March to June in 2000. The main results showed as follows. Firstly, the percentage of perfect flower in the short fruit branches was the highest, accounting for 35.8%, and that followed by the bouquet branches, accounting for 29.1%. The percentage of perfect flower in Watershoot was the lowest, accounting for 14.6%. The average percentage of the perfect flower among all kinds of fruit branches was (28.4%). Secondly, among 5 tested cultivars, only the two pollenizers, 'Yibai' and 'Chuanling' possessed a little cross-compatibility with 'Longquanwu Xiangbai'. The lack of available pollinated tree was one of the key reasons of fruitlessness. Spraying carbamide and borax before the period of blooming significantly increased the percentage of setting.