2Zia Jaffrey, "The Salon Interview", Salon, Feb. 2, 1998, http://www. luminarium. org/contemporary/tonimorrison/paradise. htm.
3Peter Widdowson, "The American Dream Refashioned: History,Politics and Gender in Toni Morrison's Paradise", in Journal of American Studies ,Vol.35(2) ,August 2001 ,p.318.
5William Bradford, "Of Plymouth Plantation", in The Heath Anthology of American Literature, Vol. 1 ,Paul Lauter ed. ( Houghton Mifflin Company, 1998), p. 249.
6宁骚:《非洲黑人文化》,浙江人民出版社1993年版,441页.
7Rob Davidson," Racial stock and 8-rocks:communal historiography in Toni Morrison' s Paradise" ,in Twentieth Century Literature,47:3,Fall 2001 ,p.365.
8Toni Morrison, Playing in the Dark: Whiteness and Literary Imagination ( Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press,1992 ) , p. 53 , p . 44 , pp. 47 - 48 .
9Stanley N. Katz and John M. Murrin eds., "Introduction" to Edmund S. Morgan's "Slavery and Freedom: The American Paradox", in Colonial America: Essays in Politics and Social Development ( New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1983), p. 572.
10Frantz Fanon, Black Skin and White Mask ( New York: Grove Press),p. 183.
