晋西黄土区小流域泥沙来源分析

Sediment Sources in Small Wtersheds in Western Shanxi Province of the Loess Plateau

以晋西黄土区小流域为研究对象,选择了7个典型小流域,根据14a的定位观测结果,对流域泥沙来源进行了分析。结果表明,按小流域泥沙来源的地貌部位划分,沟谷地(沟头、沟道和沟坡)产沙量>沟间地(坡面、梁峁坡)产沙量,沟谷地产沙量占流域总产沙量的60%以上,沟谷地侵蚀模数是沟间地的1.28～2.48倍,坡耕地、裸露地是主要产沙地类。

The sediment sources in small watersheds were analyzed based on studies in a watershed in western Shanxi Province of the Loess Plateau. On the basis of watershed classification, seven typical watersheds were chosen and observed for 14 years. Results show that the sediment yield of small watersheds comes mainly from gullies(60% of the total sediment load). Erosion soures of the valley(including gully heads, gully beds, and valley sides) are 1.28~2.48 times more significant as sediment sources than the interfluves(including hill slopes and hill tops). Cultivation of slopland and bare soil are key contributors to soil erosion.