试析美国城市郊区化的起源

An Analysis On the Origin of American Suburbanization

关于美国城市郊区化的起源 ,中美学术界提出了各种各样的观点。之所以出现这种分歧 ,一个重要原因就是学术界关于郊区和郊区化的概念和范畴存在很大分歧 ,同时也与郊区的特点和郊区化的本质有关。由于郊区化是工业化、城市化和城市交通发展的产物 ,同时又是城市化的一种方式、是城市的生态组织演进的一种方式 ,所以美国的郊区化早在 19世纪初就已经出现 ,此后 ,郊区化与城市化呈交错发展的模式。

American and Chinese Scholars have put forward many different opinions on the origin of American suburbanization. One important reason is the concepts of suburb and suburbanization between the two sides are different. Another one is related with the different considerations conserning the relationship between suburbs and cities,suburbanization and urbanization. This article believe,the suburbanization is a product of industrialization,urbanization and the development of urban transportation. At the same time suburbanization is also an outcome of urbanization and the evolution of urban ecological organization. So it argues that American suburbanization had taken place since the beginning of the 19 th century.