基于RS与GIS的榆林地区景观格局动态变化研究

Landscape Pattern and Its Dynamical Changes Based on RS and GIS in Yulin Region

利用1986年、1996年和2000年三期遥感资料,在GIS技术的支持下,运用景观生态学原理,选取反应景观空间结构和景观异质性的指数,分析了榆林地区景观格局及动态变化的特征。结果表明:景观整体多样性指数和均匀度指数减小表明优势组分旱地、草地对景观的控制作用不断增强,沙地景观控制作用相对减小,其它景观指数也表明景观整体破碎度程度增大,斑块间离散度增大,景观形状变得较为复杂。人类活动对景观的有利干扰与不利干扰相互作用、相互影响使景观各要素发生了较复杂的结构变化和相互转化,土地沙化、退化仍然非常严重,但沙地景观逆转也比较显著,主要以沙地向草地逆转为主。人类对沙地景观积极的、有效的治理使整体景观朝着良性方向发展和恢复。

Using GIS and FRAGSTATS,landscape pattern and dynamics change of landscape pattern have been analyzed in this paper in Yulin, which are based on remote sensing images in 1986,1996 and 2000. The results show that the landscape elements have a complex structural change and translation each other due to man's advantaged and disadvantaged disturbance to landscape. Desertification and degradation of land is still very serious, but the reversion is obvious, especially from sand to grassland. The decrease of Shannon's diversity index and evenness index indicated that the control of non-irrigation and grassland is increasingly increased, whereas that of sand land became less. The effective rehabilitation that people had done on sand land landscape make it more favorable for human being. The change of other landscape metrics show a increasing landscape fragmentation, irregularity of patch shape and bigger isolation between patches as a whole.