岔巴沟流域地貌形态分形特征量化研究

Study on Quantifying Topographical Fractal Character of Chabagou Watershed

分形理论和方法为地貌学的非线性研究开辟了新的思路。本文基于分形基本理论和GIS技术,对地处黄土高原丘陵沟壑区第一副区的岔巴沟流域地貌形态分形特征进行了量化研究,提出了流域地貌形态特征分形信息维数的计算模型和方法,并依此获得了岔巴沟流域及各支流域的地貌形态特征分形信息维数。研究表明,岔巴沟流域及各支流域的地貌形态特征分形信息维数均小于1,且与流域面积保持很强的正相关;分形信息维数揭示了流域地貌形态复杂本质的量化特征,为黄土高原小流域侵蚀产沙预报模型中宏观地貌形态因子的量化提供了新的思路和方法。

Based on the basic fractal theory and GIS technique, the topographical fractal character of Chabagou watershed, which lies on loess plateau, is studied, the model and method that are used to calculate the fractal information dimension of the topographical fractal character of the watershed is put forward, and the fractal information dimension of the topography of Chabagou watershed is worked out. The results show that the fractal information dimension of the topography of Chabagou watershed is less than 1, and the relationship of positive correlation presents between the watershed area and the fractal information dimension of the topography. The fractal information dimension shows the quantitative character of the complex essence of watershed topography, and has provided with new solution for quantifying the macro-topography, which is one of the very important indices of the small watershed soil erosion prediction model on loess plateau.