路堤边坡土壤类型对水土流失影响的试验研究

Experimental Study on Impacts of Soil Types in Embankment Slope on Soil and Water Loss

以秦皇岛-沈阳客运专线和胶州-新沂铁路路堤边坡为研究对象,通过对天然降雨条件下路堤边坡土壤侵蚀的现场调查,并分析二试验区侵蚀程度出现较大差异的原因,研究二者相应边坡土壤类型对水土流失的影响。结果表明,秦沈线和胶新线路堤边坡侵蚀程度的差异是由二者路堤边坡土壤的可蚀性不同造成的;在次半宽降雨量大于临界次半宽降雨量时,秦沈线路堤边坡的侵蚀程度远大于胶新线路堤边坡的侵蚀程度,主要是由于胶新线路堤边坡土中含有直径大于20mm的碎石;路堤边坡土壤的可蚀性与降雨特性有关,提出了减少路堤边坡土壤流失量的建议。

Field investigation of soil erosion was conducted on embankment slopes of both Qinhuangdao-Shenyang special line of passenger trains and Jiaozhou-Xinyi railway after precipitation, and factors leading to great difference of erosion degree between the two experimental plots were analyzed. The results indicate that difference between soil type of embankment slope of Qin-Shen special line of passenger trains and that of Jiao-Xin railway leads to the difference of soil erosion degree in the experimental plots. Due to containing coarse fragment, the degree of soil erosion on slope of Jiao-Xin railway is less than that on slope of Qin-Shen special line of passenger trains under the condition that single half-width rainfall is more than the critical single half-width rainfall. Soil erodibility of embankment slope is related to rainfall property. In the end of the paper, one suggestion was proposed to reduce soil and water loss on embankment slope.