眼动脉变异起自脑膜中动脉的解剖学调查及其临床意义

AN ANATOMICAL INVESTIGATION OF ANOMALOUS OPHTHALMIC ARTERY ARISING FROM MIDDLE MENINGEAL ARTERY AND ITS CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE

目的 研究眼动脉的起点 ,重点调查异常眼动脉的起始、分支及口径 ,为临床视力障碍提供病因资料。方法 体视显微镜下观察 1 0 0侧成人脑颅眼动脉起始 ,对异常起自脑膜中动脉的眼动脉起始、分支和相关动脉口径进行测量。结果 眼动脉起自颈内动脉95侧 (95 % ) ;异常起始 5侧 (5 % ) ,其中单侧起自脑膜中动脉前支 1例 ,双侧分别起自左右脑膜中动脉前支 2例 ,脑膜中动脉平均内径1 .9mm ,眼动脉平均内径 1 .1mm ,与正常的眼动脉口径无明显差异。结论 中老年人不明原因的视觉障碍或颅骨颞区外伤、颞区的硬膜外血肿、颞区硬脑膜肿瘤同时伴视力障碍患者 ,眼动脉异常起于脑膜中动脉并受损的原因不能除外。

Objective To provide the pathogenic evidence for patients with visual disturbances,the origin,branches and inner diameters of the anomalous ophthalmic artery were investigated. Methods The origin of ophthalmic arteries in 100 adult cerebral hemispheres were investigated under operation microscope.The origin,the distribution of the arterial branches and the inner diameters of the anomalous ophthalmic artery arising from middle meningeal artery were examined especially. Results In 100 cerebral hemispheres,95 sides (95%) of the ophthalmic artery originated from internal carotid, and 5 sides (5%) unusually originated from the frontal branch of the middle meningeal artery.In the 5 sides with anomalous origin,there were 2 cases (4 sides, right and left) with double ophthalmic arteries originated from the middle meningeal artery,1 case (1 side,right) with ophthalmic artery arising from the middle meningeal artery.The average inner diameters of the middle meningeal artery and the ophthalmic artery were 1.9 and 1.1mm,respectively. Conclusion The ophthalmic artery may infrequently arise from the middle meningeal artery.In diagnosis and treatment of the middle-aged and old patients with unreasoned visual disturbance and the patients with temporal trauma,extradural hematomas or tumor accompanying visual disturbance,the anomalous origin of the ophthalmic artery should be considered.