三种二氧化氯对饮用水消毒效果及毒性的试验观察

EXPERIMENTAL OBSERVATION ON EFFICACY OF THREE KINDS OF CHLORINE DIOXIDE IN DISINFECTION OF DRINKING WATER AND THEIR TOXICITY

为了解三种二氧化氯消毒剂对饮用水消毒效果及毒性 ,采用微孔滤膜抽滤法和动物试验法对其杀菌效果和毒理学进行了试验观察。结果 ,以含二氧化氯 0 .5mg/L的聚源牌二氧化氯发生器生产的二氧化氯、萨迪牌稳定性二氧化氯和斯瑞曼消毒液分别作用 1min、5min和 10min ,对水中大肠杆菌杀灭率均达 10 0 %。水的pH值在 7.0以上对三种二氧化氯杀菌效果有轻微影响 ;有机物影响二氧化氯杀菌效果。三种消毒剂经口毒性试验LD50 >5 0 0 0mg/kg(体重 ) ;蓄积系数K >5 ,为弱蓄积性毒性 ;小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验阴性。结果显示 ,三种二氧化氯消毒剂对水中大肠杆菌具有较强杀灭效果 。

In order to know the efficacy of 3 kinds of chlorine dioxide disinfectants in disinfection of drinking water and their toxicity, method of suction filtration with millipore filter membrane and animal experimental method were used to carry out experimental observation on their germicidal efficacy and toxicology. The results showed that the Sa-Di Brand stable chlorine dioxide, Si-Rui-Man disinfection solution and the chlorine dioxide produced by Ju-Yuan Brand chlorine dioxide generator containing chlorine dioxide 0.5 mg/L with a 5 min, 10 min and 1 min contact time respectively killed 100% of Escherichia coli in water. The pH value of the water higher than 7.0 had slight influence on the germicidal efficacy of the three kinds of chlorine dioxide and the organic substances influenced the germicidal efficacy of chlorine dioxide. The oral toxicity test for the three kinds of disinfectants showed LD 50 >5000 mg/kg (body weight) and accumulation coefficient K>5, which belongs to weak cumulative toxicity. Mouse bone marrow polychromatic erythrocyte micronucleus test was negative. The results indicated that the 3 kinds of chlorine dioxide disinfectants had strong efficacy in killing Escherichia coli in water and had low toxicity.