后退造裂前颌骨对颅面发育影响的实验研究

Effect of orthopedic premaxillary retrution on craniofacial development in animal model

目的 在建立模拟双侧唇裂及上颌前颌骨加压的定量研究动物模型基础上,动态探测颅颌面发育全过程的规律。方法 将40只3周龄实验兔随机分为8组:空白对照5只;造裂对照5只;只对前颌骨施加不同压力分3组,各5只;造裂并对前颌骨施加不同压力分3组,各5只。借助头影测量定时观察各组动物颅颌面发育的全过程,并对受压迫的前颌上颌缝进行一系列微观研究。结果 实验组面中份生长有一个暂时的延滞效应期,但对前颌骨施加后推力最终并未影响上颌骨的生长潜力。结论 ①对幼兔用主动矫治器是较理想的前颌骨后推加压定量研究的实验动物模型;②用主动矫治器行双侧唇腭裂术前矫治前突的前颌骨是合理和有效的手段。

Objective To observe the whole process of cranio-maxillofacial development of an animal model with bilateral premaxillary clefts, after being exerted with premaxillary retro-pressing forces. Methods Experimental rabbits with premaxillary clefts and without clefts were exerted with retro-pressing forces respectively. Rentgenographic cephalometric analysis and different investigations of premaxillary suture were performed during the whole craniofacial development. Results The longitudinal cephalometric analysis showed that a temporary retarding effect of mid-facial growth existed. The hindrance of maxillary growth potentiality did not occur in spite of being exerted retro-pressing force as to this experimental extent. Conclusions (1)Infant rabbit combined with the designed retro-pressing appliance is an ideal experimental model for quantitative study of active orthopdic treatment of protruding premaxilla. (2) Using active preoperative orthopedics to reposit the protruding premaxilla of bilateral cleft palate is a reasonable and effective approach.