贵州省未达到消除碘缺乏病目标地区的流行现状调查

Epidemic status of iodine deficiency disorders of Guizhou province

目的了解贵州省碘缺乏病(IDD)防治现状。方法按国家IDD监测方案,抽取贵州省5个地区11个县对学校儿童甲状腺肿大率、尿碘及碘盐等进行横断面调查。结果8～10岁学生平均甲状腺肿大率9.66%,最低2.8%,最高15.78%,年龄组间差异有显著意义,居民户盐碘中位数32mg/kg,碘盐覆盖率99.47%,合格率92.11%,儿童尿碘中位数263.9μg/L,其中<100μg/L占6.1%,<300μg/L占52.5%,≥300μg/L占41.31%。结论贵州省碘盐覆盖率、合格率较往年明显上升,儿童尿碘水平趋于更为合理,但8～10岁学生甲状腺肿大率仍处于较高水平。

Objective To explore the epidemic status of iodine deficiency disorders(IDD) of Guizhou province. Methods Eleven counties of 5 districts in Guizhou were selected based on the National Monitoring Program, a cross-sectioned survey was conducted on goiter rate, iodine level in urine and iodinated salt. Results The goiter rate of children aged 8 to 10 years old was 9.66%. The lowest goiter rate was 2.8% and the highest 15.78%. There was significant difference between age groups. The average iodine content in the salt samples(expressed as median) of the households in the residents was 32 mg/kg. The covering rate of iodinated salt was 99.47%, and the percent of pass was 92.11%. The mean level of iodine in the urine in the children (expressed as median) was 263.9 μg/L, in which the percent of the samples that measured < 100 μg/L occupied 6.1%, < 300 μg/L 52.5% and ≥ 300 μg/L 41.31%. Conclusions The covering rate and the percent of pass of the iodinated salt in the households of Guizhou province significantly decreases compared with that in the passed years. The iodine level in the children tended to be more ideal. However, the goiter rate of the children is still in a high level, and the phenomenon is discussed briefly.