肝硬化门静脉高压患者腹腔镜胆囊切除术40例临床分析

Clinical analysis of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in 40 patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension

目的 :研究肝硬化合并门静脉高压 (CPH)患者腹腔镜胆囊切除术 (LC)的可行性、优势及其技术特点。方法 :本组共 4 0例CPH患者 ,包括肝功能ChildA级 2 1例 ,B级 1 6例 ,C级 3例 ,对治疗结果进行回顾性分析。结果 :4 0例中行LC 37例 ,中转剖腹手术 3例 ,中转率为 7.5 %。手术时间为 (5 2 .6± 1 5 .2 )min ,术中出血为 (75 .5± 1 5 .5 )ml,术后恢复进食时间为 (1 8.3± 6 .5 )h ,5例 (1 3.2 % )患者术后发生并发症 7例次 ,术后平均住院达 (4 .6± 2 .4 )d ,与非CPH患者的LC比较 ,CPH患者LC手术时间、平均术后住院时间延长 ,手术中转率、术后并发症发生率增高 ,术中出血量多。 结论 :CPH患者行LC具备微创外科手术的优点 ,是安全、可行的。但属于困难的手术 ,有较高的中转率 ,术中出血是主要问题。注重围手术期处理。

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility, technical characters and benefits of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) in patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension(CPH). Methods:40 CPH patients, including 21 Child A class,26 Child B class and 3 Child C class were included. Data of the patients were collected and analyzed. Results: LC was successfully performed in 37 cases, and 3 patients were converted to open cholecystectomy (OC)for uncontrollled bleeding under laparoscopy and dense adhesion of Calot’s triangle. The convertion rate was 7.5%. The time of operation was (52.6± 15.2)min. The intraoperative blood loss was (75.5± 15.5)ml. The time to resume diet was (18.3±6.5)h. Seven postoperative complications occurred in 5 patients (13.2%). All patients discharged from hospital in (4.6±2.4) d after LC. Compared with LC in non cirrhotic patients, LC in patients with CPH has longer surgical time and hospital stay after operation, higher convertion rate and postoperative complication rate, more intraoperative blood loss. Conclusion: LC in patients with CPH has the advantages of minimal invasive surgery. It is feasible and relatively safe. But it has a higher convertion rate. Intraoperative blood loss is a prominent problem. The key step for a successful operation is to pay more attention to the perioperation managements and acquaint with the technical characters of this operation.