1778例急性心肌梗死住院例数及住院病死率的性别差异

Gender differences in the inpatient number and fatality rate of acute myocardial infarction:analgsis of 1778 cases

目的 调查我院 7年间急性心肌梗死患者住院人数和住院病死率的性别差异。方法 回顾性分析了符合急性心肌梗死诊断标准的病例 1778例的临床特征。结果 因急性心肌梗死住院者 1778例 ,男性 14 83例 ,女性 2 95例 (男∶女为 5 .0∶1)。其中死亡 2 13例 ,男女死亡比例为 3.6∶1,但男 (11.2 % )、女 (15 .6 % )病死率之间有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 )。 2 0 0 2年的男、女住院人数与 1996年相比分别升高了 130 %和 6 2 % ,以男性升高幅度更显著(P <0 .0 1) ,7年间男、女病死率分别由 1996年的 17.4 %和 17.6 %降为 2 0 0 2年的 10 .8%和 7.3%。结论 因急性心肌梗死而住院者男性显著多于女性 ,而女性患者住院病死率明显高于男性患者。近年来 ,男、女性急性心肌梗死的每年患病住院人数均显著增加 ,但住院病死率呈下降趋势。

Objective To investigate the gender differences in inpatient number and fatality rate of acute myocardial infarction. Methods The clinical features of 1778 patients coinciding with the diagnostic criteria of acute myocardial infarction were reviewed. Results The ratio of inpatiant number between male and female patients was 5.0∶1(P <0.01). There was significant difference between the fatality rates of male(11.2%) and female (15.6%) inpatients(P<0.05). The male and female inpatientsin 2002 increased by 130% and 62% respectively compared with those in 1996. The increasing rate of male inpatients was higher than that of female ones(P<0.01). However, the fatality rates of the male and female inpatients decreased from 17.4% and 17.6% in 1996 to 10.8% and 7.3% respectively in 2002. Conclusion The males have higher risk of acute myocardial infarction than the females. The fatality rate of the female inpatients is higher than that of the male inpatients. The numbers of acute myocardial infarction in men and women have increased during the seven years, while the fatality rate decreased.