冬季室内微小气候和照度对办公室人群神经行为功能的影响

Effects of Temperature,Relative Humidity and Illuminance on Neurobehavioral Function in White Collar Population in Winter

目的 探讨冬季室内微小气候和照度对封闭建筑物内办公室人员神经行为功能的影响。方法 1 997年和 1 998年冬季 ,在竣工 1 0年以内的 2 7幢办公楼中进行室温、相对湿度和照度的测定 ,并据此分层。将 2 7幢办公楼及楼内的 81 4名办公室人员相应分成 3组 ,分别作神经行为功能测试 ,对结果进行趋势分析。结果 随着室温和相对湿度的下降 ,多项神经行为功能测试指标有朝不良方向变化的趋势 ;随着照度的下降 ,多项神经行为功能测试指标有朝良好方向变化的趋势 ,但平均年龄也有明显下降趋势。在室温1 3～ 2 0℃和相对湿度 33%～ 82 %范围内 ,测定数值较低 ,办公室人群中神经行为功能的表现较差 ;在照度95～ 1 80 0lx范围内 ,测定数值较低 ,表现则较好。与中枢神经系统症状出现率的变化趋势比较 ,发现以室温分组时 ,与神经行为功能表现的变化趋势相反 ;而以另两个因素分组时 ,变化趋势则一致。结论 两个室内微小气候因素对人群的神经行为功能表现有较为肯定的影响。而照度与神经行为功能表现的关系 ,由于表现向好趋势与年龄下降趋势一致 。

Objective To explore the effects of temperature,relative humidity and illuminance on neurobehavioral function in white collar population working in sealed buildings in winter in Shanghai.Methods Temperature,relative humidity and illuminance in 27 office buildings built within 10 years were measured in the winter time of 1997 and 1998,and categorized by the measured values of 3 factors.814 office workers working in 27 office buildings were divided into 3 groups according to different categories.Neurobehavioral evaluation system testing(NEST)was conducted to make the trend analysis.Results The results of NEST showed that as the room temperature and relative humidity descending,several indexes of NEST tended to become worse;however,as the illuminance weakening,several indexes of NEST tended to become better,yet there was a downward trend in mean age.At the room temperature of 13～ 20 ℃ and relative humidity of 33%～82%,the measured values were rather low,and the performances of neurobehavioral function were not so good.When illuminance was in the range of 95～1 800 lx,the measured values were also rather low,but their performances were rather good.Comparing with the symptom appearance rate of central nerve system,it was found that when the population was grouped according to room temperature,the changing trend showed in opposite direction.However,when the population was grouped according to other two factors,the changing trend became consistent.Conclusions Two factors of microclimate show significant effects on neurobehavioral function of white collar population.The relationship between illuminance and neurobehavioral function,however,needs to be further ascertained,since the performances tend to be better and consistent with age lowering.