凝血酶与卒中

Thrombin and Stroke

凝血酶具有血管内和血管外作用。在血管内 ,凝血酶具有促凝和抗凝的双重功能 ,可调节血栓形成与止血。近年来 ,随着蛋白酶激活受体的发现 ,凝血酶血管外作用的相关研究也不断深入 ,特别是对于神经系统 ,凝血酶具有随浓度而改变的双重作用 ,低浓度时有神经保护作用 ,高浓度时可损害血脑屏障 ,导致脑水肿和癫 ,甚至引起神经元和星形细胞死亡。文章主要就凝血酶血管外作用的分子机制及其与卒中的相关研究进行了综述。

Thrombin has the endovascular and extravascular effects. It has double functions both in anticoagulation and procoagulation in vessels, and can regulate thrombosis and hemostasia. Recently, related studies on extravascular effects of thrombin are developing as the finding of protease-activated receptors (PARs), particularly in nervous system. Thrombin has double effects according to its levels. At low levels, it acts on thrombin receptors and induce neuroprotection, while at high levels it induces blood-brain barrier injury, causing brain edema and seizures, even the death of neurons and astrocytes. This article reviews the molecular mechanism of the thrombin extravascular effect and its stroke-related studies.