对大学文化中科学与人文关系的思考

Thoughts on the Relationship between Science and Human Culture in College Culture

2003年度中国十大学术热点之一为中国高等教育评价体系问题的研究。这一问题触及到一些基本理念:大学文化的本质是什么?怎样创建世界一流大学?大学文化中的科学与人文之间的关系对创建世界一流大学有什么影响?笔者从大学发展史的视角对这一问题进行思考,认为近代科技革命引起科学与人文的分离,形成"两种文化";新时期科学与人文走向整合是现代化运动发展的一种文化需求,是文化现代化的必然发展趋势。现代大学文化的历史使命之一就是修复、整合科学与人文之间的裂痕,促进科学与人文的交融发展,这也是中国创建世界一流大学一个不可或缺的文化背景。中国文化的强项、优势是人文文化;弱项、不足是科学。因此在大学里贯彻"科教兴国"的战略方针,不仅要扬长(人文)补短(科学),更要注重二者的互补融合。当前中国高等教育最大的缺失就是人文精神的缺失。因此,高等教育评价体系的理论探讨更应注意人文精神内涵。

One of the top ten academic centers of attention in 2003 is the study of the evaluation system of higher education of China. This issue touches off the following basic ideas-What′s the nature of college culture? How to create a top university of the world? How will the relationship between science and human cultural activities affect the creation of a top university of the world? Viewing from the angle of the history of college development, the writer holds the belief that the neoteric science and technology revolution resulted in the separation between science and human cultural activities and then two ″cultures″.The integrated science and human cultural activities in the new period is required by the modernization movement and is the necessary developmental trend of culture modernization. One of the tasks of modern college culture is to repair and integrate the fissure between science and human cultural activities and accelerate their blended development, which is an irreplaceable culture background of China′s creation of the top universities of the world. The advantage or strong point of Chinese culture is human culture while the disadvantage or weak point is science. Therefore, we should foster strengths (human culture) to make up for weakness (science) and even pay more attention to how to make them mutually complementary and blended in order to carry out the strategic policy-reviving China by science education. The greatest absence of the current higher education of China is the lack of the spirit of human culture. Therefore, the theoretical exploration of the evaluation system of higher education of China should pay more attention to the meaning of the spirit of human culture.