儿童嗓音参数调查及与成年人的对比分析

Investigation of voice parameter in children and comparing with adult person

目的 :调查学龄前健康儿童的嗓音参数 ,以掌握其嗓音参数的正常值 ,了解与正常成年人嗓音参数的差异。方法 :用Dr.Speech 3.0版嗓音及语言分析、训练系统软件采集 193例学龄前健康儿童的嗓音资料 ,对取得的数据进行统计学分析 ,并与正常成年人的结果比较。结果 :男童频率微扰 (0 .37± 0 .2 6 ) % ,振幅微扰 (3.6 5± 2 .17) % ,谐噪比 2 0 .4 9± 5 .5 4dB ,信噪比 2 0 .6 5± 5 .2 8dB ,声门噪声能量 - 11.97± 4 .80dB ,基频310 .12± 38.17Hz ;女童频率微扰 (0 .4 1± 0 .2 9) % ,振幅微扰 (4 .0 1± 2 .31) % ,谐噪比 19.19± 5 .0 6dB ,信噪比19 .36± 4 .81dB ,声门噪声能量 - 10 .5 3± 5 .15dB ,基频 30 0 .77± 32 .0 4Hz。结论 :5～ 6岁儿童嗓音参数结果男女间差异无显著性 ;同性别 5岁与 6岁比较差异无显著性 (P <0 .0 0 1)。与正常成年人嗓音基本参数比较差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1)。

Objective: To study and analyzing the parameter values of voice in normal healthy children and comparing with adult person. To understand different of voice parameter in children and adult person. Methods: One hundred and ninety three voice quality in children were collected with Dr.Spheech 3.0v software. The data were analyzed and compared with adult person. Results: Jitter was (0.37±0.26)%,Shimmer (3.65±2.17)%, HNR(harmonics-to-noise ratio) 20.49±5.54dB, SNR(signal-to-noise ratio) 20.56±5.28dB, NNE(normalized noise energy)was -11.97±4.80dB and fundamental frequency 310.12±38.17Hz in male children. Jitter was (0.41±0.29)%,Shimmer (4.01±2.31)%, HNR19.19±5.06dB, SNR19.36±4.81dB, NNE-10.53±5.15dB and fundamental frequency 300.77±32.04Hz in female children. Conclusion: There are no significant differences between 5 and 6 years in parameter values of voice of the same sex children and no significant differences between male and female children at same years. There is significant differences in base parameter of voice comparing with adult person. This data is usefulness to evaluae voice results of normal or abnormal in chilaren.