铣削加工中刀刃相位差与主轴运动误差对加工表面的影响

The Influence of Cutting Edge Orientation and Spindle Motion Error on Machined Surface in Milling

为了改善高速进给铣削加工时的表面花纹模式和降低表面粗糙度 ,采用切削实验和理论解析的方法 ,探讨了在切削过程中始终存在的刀刃相位差和回转偏心对加工表面的影响 ,得出如下结论 :( 1 )垂直加工时 ,表面粗糙度远大于理论值 ,但不受刀刃相位差和回转偏心的影响 ;( 2 )倾斜加工时 ,刀刃相位差和回转偏心分别影响间歇进给方向和进给方向的表面花纹模式和表面粗糙度 .当刀刃相位差和回转偏心约为零时 ,表面粗糙度接近最小值 .如果再采用大的进给量 ,则加工面花纹以矩形形式整齐均匀排列 ,并且可以在不增大粗糙度的情况下大幅度提高加工效率 ;( 3)当刀刃相位差和回转偏心大于零时 。

The influence of the cutting edge orientation and spindle rotational eccentricity on machined surface was explored with experiments and theoretical analysis. It was found that: ① In vertical machining, the surface roughness is much larger than its theoretical value but not influenced by cutting edge orientation and spindle rotational eccentricity; ② In tilting machining on the contrary, the orientation and the eccentricity influence the surface roughness in pick feed direction and feed direction respectively. When both the orientation and the eccentricity are close to 0, the surface roughness comes to a minimum value. If the feed rate is increased, the surface texture will demonstrate as square pattern and the efficiency will be improved dramatically without increasing the surface roughness; ③ When either the orientation or the eccentricity is more than 0, the surface roughness may increase twice as much as its original value.