马克思哲学新视域中的科学方法论究竟是什么——重读《关于费尔巴哈的提纲》

What on Earth is Marx's Scientific Methodology in the New Philosophical View——Reread ‘the Outline about Feuerbach’

马克思实现哲学方法论的变革,并不是传统哲学教科书所说的那样,将否定了唯心主义的黑格尔的辩证法和消除了机械性的费尔巴哈唯物主义结合起来,创立了唯物辩证法,然后将其推广到社会历史领域形成了历史唯物主义;而是在批判旧唯物主义和唯心主义的过程中,建构了科学的实践观,既深化了唯物主义的基本前提,又创立了一种历史的、具体的、现实的面对生活世界的方法论,形成马克思历史的、现实的、具体的分析方法,把历史和时间概念输入到人们的实践活动之中,从而否定了一切形而上学的本体论。

Marx抯 philosophical revolution in the methodology is not just as our traditional textbooks say. It is the combination of Hegel抯 dialectics and Feuerbach抯 materialism. Marx founded the theory of materialist dialectics and applied it to historical fields and formed the theory of historical materialism. In the process of criticizing the old materialism and idealism, Marx built a scientific concept of practice. The concept not only deepened the basic premise of materialism, but also built a kind of historical concrete and realistic methodology. Marx put the concept of time and history into people抯 practical activities, and as a result, he negated all metaphysics ontology.