寄生植物肉苁蓉对寄主梭梭生长及生物量的影响研究

Effects of the Parasite Plant (Cistanche deserticola) on Growth and Biomass of the Host Plant (Haloxylon ammodendron)

在新疆吉木萨尔林木良种试验站肉苁蓉繁育基地,以接种肉苁蓉并采收肉苁蓉种子的寄主梭梭(处理A)和未接种成功的即没有被肉苁蓉寄生的梭梭(CK)为调查对象,分别测定其树高、地径、冠幅、生物量和根系;同时,对处理A和CK以及接种成功但肉苁蓉尚未出土的梭梭(处理B)当年生枝的生长量进行定期连续测定。结果表明:处理A的梭梭树高、地径和冠幅,普遍小于CK,且个体间差异较大;总生物量比CK减少了49 29%,其中当年生枝、2年生以上活枝、主干、根系分别降低了22 6%、9 6%、2 2%、15 6%,但枯枝的生物量却高出1倍之多,表现出衰弱的态势;梭梭被肉苁蓉寄生以后,细根所占比例较高,这可能是梭梭为了维持生存和供给肉苁蓉营养采取的一种生态对策,当年生枝的生长却受到一定程度的抑制。

At the cultivated Cistanche deserticola base of Forest Tree Breed Station in Jumushaer in Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region, the host plant H.ammodendron ,planted artificially Cistanche deserticola successfully and collected the seeds of Cistanche deserticola (called treatment A) and the host plant H.ammodendron,planted artificially Cistanche deserticola unsuccessfully(called CK) were investigated.Their height,base diameter, crown size,root and biomass were measured and contrasted.Besides,the new branches growth of treatment A,CK and the host plant H. ammodendron,planted artificially Cistanche deserticola successfully,but it growing in the soils (treatment B) was mensurated termly.The results showed most height,base diameter and crown size of treatment A was smaller than that of the CK.There were more differences in height,base diameter and crown size among the individuals. Compared with the CK,The total biomass of treatment A reduced by 49.29 %, the new branches biomass decreased by 22.6%,the two-year and excess two-year branches biomass decreased by 9.6%,the trunk biomass decreased by 2.2%,the root biomass decreased by 15.6%. But the deadwood biomass of treatment A was double or more than the deadwood biomass of CK. Therefore,it could be inferred that treatment A had been falling into a declining. After H.ammodendron was planted artificially Cistanche deserticola successfully, its fine-root percent increased slightly.The possible cause was the fact that H.ammodendron adopted an ecological strategy for maintaining oneself and supplying nutrition for Cistanche deserticola.But these new branches growth of host H.ammodendron were restrained greatly.