黔南扁平村晚石炭世生物礁生物群落分析

Biocoenose community analysis of Bianping reefs of the Late Carboniferous in southern Guizhou Province

在黔南紫云猴场镇以西约 4km扁平村发现了新的大型生物礁组合。该礁产于马平组Triticites带内 ,时间上隶属于晚石炭世晚期。通过对该礁组合中生物群落的详细研究 ,将其自下而上划分为组合面貌不同的 6个群落。其中 ,成礁生物群落有两个 :珊瑚Ivanoviacf manchurica ,叶状藻Eugonophyllum和菌藻类蓝细菌群落及珊瑚Formitchevella群落。前者各种生物在不同环境中独立发育构成小点礁 ,彼此平行排列 ,形成下部点礁层 ;后者由大型笙柱状排列的Formitchevella构成其上部主礁体。这些群落代表了生物礁的不同发展阶段 ,显示了在造礁过程中生物种类更替演化的特征 ,而群落演化与成礁有一致的对应关系 ,并控制着该生物礁的发育和规模。以特征生物Formitchevella为代表的造礁群落的组成、结构、生态特征和礁体生长发育模式在中国乃至世界上的石炭纪礁体中都是独特的 ,构成了晚石炭世罕见的非藻造架生物礁。扁平村生物礁的发现 ,丰富了世界石炭纪造礁生物群落的类型 ,为研究石炭纪造礁生物群落演化。

A large scale of assemblage reefs is found in Bianping Village located about 4 km to the west of Houchang Town of Ziyun County in Guizhou Province The reefs lie in the Triticites zone of Maping Formation and formed in the late stage of Late Carboniferous The reefs were divided into 6 communities from lower to upper portions Two of them are reef building communities One is Ivanovia cf manchurica,Eugonophyllum ,cyanophyceae community and another is Formit chevella community The former grew individually in various environments and formed dot reefs in parallel mode The latter formed upper major reef by large phacelloid Formitchevella These communities represent different developing stages of the reefs and reveal biologic succession features of the reefs in the reef building process There is a consistent and corresponding relation that controlled the growth of distribution of the reefs between the evolution of communities and the reef building process Their model of growth,development and structure characterized by Formitchevella communities are very different from other reefs of Late Carboniferous in China and the world They compose rare non algae reef builder of the Late Carboniferous The discovery of Bianping reefs increases biological types of Carboniferous communities in the world It offers a new example for evolution of reef building biocoenose and reef growth as well its dynamic model