煤矸石释放重金属环境效应研究——淮南煤矿塌陷区水体试验场实例调查

Environmental impact of heavy metal in coal mining spoils:An investigation on water near waste piles in Huainan gob area, Anhui Province, China

概要分析了淮南新孜 5号井煤矸石所含的重金属元素对塌陷区鱼塘水质的影响 ,指出除个别水样中Zn、Cu超标外 ,其他均不超标 ,该鱼塘水质适宜养鱼要求。矸石样与华北及整个地壳泥岩中元素的丰度比 ,矸石中Cr、Pb、Zn与泥岩丰度基本持平 ,而Cd、Cu均超过其他泥岩中丰度值。因此 ,煤矸石在地面遭受风化 ,其所含有害物质可能会释放到环境 ,在煤矸石堆放处适当进行监测还是必要的。

The paper focuses the environmental impact of heavy metals in coal mining spoils in Xinzi No.5 Coal Mine on fishing ground, Huainan mining area. The results indicate that the concentration of heavy metals in water samples, except for Zn?Cu in one sample, are less than national fishery-water quality standard of China. Nevertheless, Cd and Cu in coal mining spoils are much more than their background levels in Huabei shale and shale from the earth's crust (lithosphere), but Cr?Pb and Zn are present similar values comparing with these background levels. Therefore, discharge of heavy metal in weathering coal mining spoils did not yet cause the remarkable contamination of ground water in Huainan coal mining areas since there are relevant low content of heavy metals in coal mining spoils. In general, it is important to monitor the soil and sediment and biota around coal mining spoil piles, and to pay attention to long-term environmental impact of heavy metals.