小麦生长季氮素在紫色土中的迁移和淋失

Nitrogen Transference and Leaching Loss in Growth Period of Wheat in Purple Soil

利用原状回填土渗漏池研究了小麦生长季节氮素在紫色土中的移动特点和淋洗损失以及影响氮素移动和淋失的因素。结果表明,小麦生长期间氮素的移动和淋失主要以NO3--N为主。小麦生长前期是NO3--N向下移动最强烈的时期,向下淋洗的NO3--N没有在土壤剖面中累积,小麦收获后NO3--N在1m土壤剖面中呈均匀分布。氮素淋失量平均为4.81kg/hm2,淋洗损失的氮占施氮量的1.7%～3.3%。降雨量、氮肥用量、肥料品种和土壤性质影响了NO3--N在紫色土中的移动和淋失。

We studied transference properties and leaching loss of nitrogen in purple soils during the growth period of wheat with percolation pond. Also the factors affecting them are researched. The result shows that nitrogen transferred and leaching loss mainly takes the form of NO_3^--N. NO_3^--N transfers down in largest amount and highest speed in early stage of wheat growth, and they don't accumulate in different soil profiles. After wheat harvest, NO_3^--N distributes evenly in the soils from top to 1m below. The average of leaching loss nitrogen is (4.81) kg/hm^2,and the total leaching loss of nitrogen is 1.7%~3.3% of fertilized nitrogen. Actually, rainfall, N fertilizer amount, fertilizer variety and soil properties altogether affect NO_3^--N transference and leaching loss in purple soils.