海南坡地芒果园间作体系水土流失养分损失初步研究

Preliminary Study on Soil and Water Nutrient Losses in Mango-Based Intercropping Ecosystems in Sloping Fields of Hainan

通过对4龄芒果园间作体系前期水土流失研究表明,热带地区坡地芒果园水土流失严重,在试验条件下,果园不同间作生态系统中,芒果+柱花草间作模式的径流量和泥沙流失量分别为13747.9m3/hm2,6881.0kg/hm2;芒果+木薯间作模式的径流量和泥沙流失量分别为11199.3m3/hm2,5105.6kg/hm2,单作芒果的径流量和泥沙流失量分别为10590.5m3/hm2,4440.3kg/hm2,芒果+蕃薯-花生间作模式的径流量和泥沙流失量分别为8701.5m3/hm2,3741.3kg/hm2。养分物质损失量大小顺序为有机质>速效钾>全氮>水解氮>速效磷。养分流失呈现明显的季节性变化。

A study on water and soil loss was carried out in mango tree-crop intercropping systems of four years mango plantation. The results showed that the loss of water and soil was serious. The loss of water and soil was 13 747.9 m^3/hm^2 and 6 881.0 kg/hm^2 in the mango trees+S.guianensis intercropping system,11 199.3 m^3/hm^2 and 5 105.6 kg/hm^2 in the mango trees+cassava, 10 590.5 m^3/hm^2 and 4 440.3 kg/hm^2 in the mango trees, (8 701.5) m^3/hm^2 and 3 741.3 kg/hm^2 in the system of mango trees+sweet potato—peanut. The loss intensity of nutrient in mango-based intercropping ecosystems is the order of organic matter (156.32 kg/hm^2) greater than available K (23.623 kg/hm^2) greater than total N (22.943 kg/hm^2) greater than hydrolysable N ((16.070) kg/hm^2)greater than available P (0.300 7 kg/hm^2). The losses of nutrition in the aqueous runoff have also been tested. And the loss intensity of available nutrient is available K greater than hydrolysable N greater than available P. The nutrient loss was seasonal change.