福建省引种的13种桉树叶片解剖分析

An Anatomical Analysis of Leaves of 13 Eucalyptus Species Introduced in Fujian Province

本文对1986年所引种的13种桉树的叶片结构进行解剖研究,结果表明:属两面叶的有9种,等面叶的有4种;根据角质膜与表皮、栅状层与海绵层厚度比值、主脉中柱与主脉横切面积比值以及3项比值的平均值为指标,结合各自结构特点,把13种桉树对光、水变化的协调适应程度分为3个层次:(1)柠檬桉、白桉、赤桉和窿缘桉其叶片各组织对旱、寒、风和强光照的协调适应较强;(2)巨桉、昆士兰桉的角质膜与表皮比值、尾叶桉栅状层与海绵层比值均较高,适于一定水肥条件生长;(3)粗皮桉、小果灰桉3项比值最低,抗逆性较差,最差为托里桉和斑叶桉。

The anatomical study on leaf structures of 13 Eucalyptus species in-troduced in 1986 is carried out in this paper. Results reveal that there are 9species belonging to two-sided leaves while 4 species belonging to isolateralleaves. The coordinative and adaptive degree of 13 Eucalyptus species to thechanges of light and water is divided into 3 levels by taking the thickness ratiosof corneous film to epidermis and palisade layer to spongy layer, the area ratio ofstele to cross-sectioning of primary vein and the average value of these 3 ratios asindexes and combining with respective structure traits. The three levels are asfollows: (1) the coordination and adaptation of each leaf tissue of Eucalyptus cit-riod ora, E. alba, E. camaldulensis and E. excorta to drought, cold, wind andstrong light are comparatively strong;(2) the ratio of corneous film to epidermisof E. graadis and E. cloeziana and the ratio of palisade layer to spongy layer ofE. urop hylla are relatively high and therefore these species are suitable for grow-ing on certain conditions of water and fertilizers;and (3)three ratios of E.pellid aand E. propinqua are the lowest and the resistance of both species is compara-tively poor, whereas the resistance of E. torelliana and E. punctata is the worst.