叶用银杏园密度与定干高度效应分析

Effect of density and heading height on leaf-use Ginkgo biloba forest

利用双因素随机区组试验设计,研究了3种密度与4种定干高度对叶用银杏Gingobiloba枝梢生长量、叶片产量及叶片主要有效药用成分黄酮和内酯含量的影响。结果表明:合理密度与定干能明显改善林冠光照条件,促进枝条萌发和枝条生长,增加单株叶片数、叶面积和叶产量,在采叶园的经营初期,较大密度(60～40cm×20cm)仍能获得较高的叶片产量;叶片黄酮和内酯含量随定干高度的降低而增加;在不影响产叶量的前提下,定干高度宜适当降低,可采用离地30～50cm截干。

By double-factor randomized block field test, shoot growth, leaf yield, and the contents of main medicine components flavonoid and terpin of 3 densities and 4 heading heights in leaf-use Ginkgo biloba forest were tested. The results showed that the suitable density and heading height treatment could improve the illumination conditions for the crowns, promote the germination and growth of branches, increase the number, area and yield of leaf in each tree. The contents of leaf flavonoid and terpin content decreased with the increase in the heading height. Denser forest (60～40 cm× 20 cm) at early stage would make a higher yield of leaf. The heading height can be shortened properly on the precondition that it will not affect the yield of leaves. The stem can be cut at 30-50 cm from the ground.