小麦与羊草体细胞杂种的细胞核和细胞质基因组分析

Nuclear and Cytoplasmic GenomeAnalysis of Somatic Hybrid of Triticum aestivum L. and Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel.

通过原生质体融合与培养获得小麦与羊草的体细胞杂种,其核基因组成以羊草(供体)为主,用线粒体特异探针 atp6 与叶绿体特异探针 rbcL 进行的 RFLP 分析结果表明,胞质基因组成偏向羊草并发生了重组。讨论了受体核基因组消减对杂种再生及对受体胞质基因组消减的影响。

Intergeneric somatic hybrids were obtained by fusion between protoplasts of Triti- cum aestivum L. cv. Jinan 177 and Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel. Protoplasts of L. chinensis were exposed to UV (300 μW/cm2) for 30 s, 45 s and 1 min before fusion. The re- sults of morphological and chromosomal obser- vation (Fig.2), isozyme pattern (Table 1, Fig.1) as well as RAPD (Table 2, Fig.3) analysis and the 5S rDNA (Fig.4) space sequence analysis showed the hybrid nature of the regenerated colonies of fusion combination T (+) L (UV 30 s). Restriction Fragment Length Po1ymorphism (RFLP) analysis using mitochondrion-specific atp6 and chloroplast-specific rbcL probes showed that most of the organelle genomes of the hybrids originated from L. chinensis and some recombination happened between wheat and L. chinensis (Table 3, Fig.5). The effects of elimination of the nuclear genome of receptor protoplast on hybrid regeneration and receptor organelle genome elimination are discussed.