四川绵阳地区水鸟的多样性分析

Analysis of Water Birds Diversity in Mianyang, Sichuan Province, China

20 0 0年 1月～ 2 0 0 3年 1月 ,采用样线法对绵阳地区水鸟进行调查 ,共记录 7目 1 0科 3 0属 5 8种。其中有各级保护动物 1 9种 ,留鸟 1 2种 ( 2 0 7%) ,夏候鸟 4种 ( 6 92 %) ,旅鸟、冬候鸟各 2 1种 ( 3 6 1 9%)。区系组成包括 :古北型 43种 ( 74 1 %) ,东洋型 9种 ( 1 5 5 %) ,广布型 6种 ( 1 0 4%)。多样性分析得出绵阳地区水鸟Shannon Winer指数H′ =2 5 73 6、Pielou指数J =0 63 3 8及G F指数DG F=0 5 93 6。在 3种不同类型湿地生境中 ,以涪江河谷多样性最丰富。同时指出 ,自然环境恶化和人类活动是该地区水鸟面临的主要威胁。

We conducted water fowl fauna survey by using linear transect sampling method from January 2000 to January 2003 in Mianyang, Sichuan, China. Fifty eight species of water birds, belonging to 7 orders, 10 families and 30 genera, were recorded during the survey. Nineteen species of them are the provincial protected birds. There are 12 species (20.7% of the total) of residents, four species(6.92%)of summer birds, 21(36.19%)species of winter birds and 21species(36.19%) of passengers. Among 58 species of water birds, 43 species are the avian species of plaeonaretic, nine species of Oriental birds and six species of widespread birds. The value of each diversity index of water birds of Mianyang is H′ =2.573?6(Shannon Winer index)、 J =0.633?8(Pielou index) and D G-F =0.593?6 ( G-F index). Among three different kinds of wetland habitats: Fujiang River valley (about 130 km long), rice paddy, and large reservoir, the biggest value of diversity index was found in the Fujiang River valley. The results indicated that the water birds are facing the threats from the environmental degradation and human activity in the area.