GIS支持下中小流域洪水风险图系统研究

Flood Risk Map System in Medium and Small Basins in China

中国东南沿海中小流域经济发达,洪水灾害频繁发生,防洪减灾研究十分重要。洪水风险图综合自然、社会经济和洪水灾害等多种信息,在防洪减灾中可发挥重要参考作用。以中国东南沿海甬江流域为例,开展以地理信息系统为支持的洪水风险图信息系统研究,借助历史洪水数据库和社会经济数据库,结合流域空间信息动态分析,探讨流域洪水风险图快速编制的方法和途径。该研究为洪水风险图动态更新创造了条件,提高洪水风险图的准确性,为中小流域防洪减灾快速决策提供有力支持。

Because of the developed economy and frequently happening flood disasters in coastal medium and small basins in the southeastern China, it is very important to research flood prevention and reduction. And flood risk map contains comprehensive information such as area nature, socio-economy and flood calamity, so it can play an important reference role in flood prevention and reduction. In this paper taking the Yonjiang River basin in the southeastern China as an example, the flood risk map information system supported by GIS is developed, also the method and approach to swift drawing the flood risk map in river basin are explored by using the database of historical flood and socioeconomic database as well as combining the dynamic analysis of spatial information of watershed. This has offered conditions for the dynamic updating of flood risk map, raised the accuracy of flood risk map and provided strong support to the fast decision for flood prevention and reduction in medium and small basins.