报应优先 兼顾功利——刑法上报应和功利的取舍初探

Retribution First,Utility Second ──On Orientation of Retribution and Utility in Criminal Law

报应和功利是刑法的两大基本范畴 ,理论上对报应和功利在刑法上的意义的认识比较混乱。本文认为报应是刑法根据意义上的范畴 ,功利是刑法目的意义上的范畴 ,纯粹的报应论和功利论都是不可取的。但是由于各自的刑法意义不同 ,相应地在刑法理论和立法中对两者进行取舍、权衡时也不能等量齐观。因此 ,应在整个刑法范围内坚持报应优先、兼顾功利 ,并指出一些和此结论不一致的比较典型的立法规定。

Retribution and utility are essential categories of criminal law.There is theoretic confusion on understanding the significance of retribution and utility.Retribution is the base category of criminal law and utility is the purpose category of criminal law.Both pure retribution and pure utility are all unadvisable.On account of their different criminal law significance,they should not be equated either in theory or in legislation of criminal law.Retribution first,utility second should be insisted in the whole criminal law field.Legislations that conflict with this principle should be rectified.