石油生成——自然科学的基本问题

Petroleum Origin:A Fundamental Problem of Natural Science

石油生成是自然科学的一个基本问题。详细地讨论了石油有机生成说的发展,指出石油和天然气分布在沉积盆地中以及石油中的一些生物标志化合物,它们携带着有关石油原始古生物成分的信息,是石油有机成因说的重要证据;在介绍了热液石油的观点后指出,这种热液石油与任何一种岩石和任何一期成岩作用形成的岩石中,由细菌有机质聚集而造成的甲烷生成作用有关;在评说了无机生油观点后指出,以费托反应生成烃类在理论上是可能的,但在自然界中未必能满足反应所需的温度和压力等条件。可以认为,地球上烃类生成过程与生命起源过程是同步的。

Oil origin is a fundamental problem of natural science.Development of“organic”concept confirmed in practice,named as sedimentary-migrational theory follows the way of more detailed study of oil composition and that of rocks organic matter since just molec-ular composition of oil appears to be“a key”for its genesis knowledge.The presence of biomarkers in oils-com pounds with chemical structure being inherited from live sub stance,as well as their presence in hydrocarbon extracts of an cient Archean rocks and ores of the ocean's streading zones evidences that hydrocarbon genera tion processes took place from the moment of life origin.Limited quantity of hy-drocarbon iso mers in oil is a result of their selective accumulation in live organisms,optical activity of oils reflecting o chiral purity of bi -ological systems-all these properties of oil confirm its genetic association with biogene substance.