乡村关系行政化的根源与调解对策

迄今为止 ,我国乡镇政府与村委会之间依然保持着明显而强烈的上下级行政命令关系。其原因是多方面的 ,但从根本上说 ,这与我们国家的宏观发展战略、管理体制及乡村社会的管理成本有关。乡村关系不顺 ,尤其是政府对村民自治事务的直接干预和行政命令 ,削弱了社会自主能力和群众自治能力 ,恶化了政府与农民、干部与群众的关系 ,也阻碍了国家的民主化、法制化和现代化的发展目标。从目前来看 ,乡镇政府面临着日益增大的行政压力、财政压力及民主压力 ,从而加剧乡村关系的紧张和矛盾。因此 ,必须大力推进农村基层党政管理体制的改革 ,进行政策调整和制度创新 ,在民主和法制的基础上改善乡村关系。

Up to now, there has been an obvious and sharp hierarchy between Chinese township governments and villager's committees, the reasons for which are various, but basically, it has something to do with China's macroscopical development strategy, the managerial system and the management cost of rural societies. The distorted relationship between townships and villages, especially the direct intervention and administrative order given by the government in dealing with villagers' autonomous affairs, not only impairs the autonomous ability of the mass and the society, but also deteriorates the relationship between government and peasants as well as that between cadre and mass, and hinders the development of the nation's democracy, legality and modernization. At present, township governments are faced with increasing administrative, financial and democratic pressure, which intensifies the tension and conflict between townships and villages. Therefore, policy adjustment and system innovation should be made for the reform of the rural managerial system at basic levels, and the relationship between townships and villages should be improved on the basis of democracy and legality.