我国未来民法典中设置财产权总则编的理由和基本构想

The Causes and Basic Design of General Principles of Property in China's Future Civil Code

本文从传统民法典中民事权利一般规定的缺失这一现象,探讨了传统民法总则的结构性缺陷,并以此为突破口,提出了在我国未来民法典中设置财产权总则来整合财产权利体系的构想。文章认为,以权利为线索构建的民法典中,民法总则并没有有效地起到区分财产权和人身权的作用,对财产权利体系也缺乏科学的立法整合。在现代无形财产日益壮大,且无形财产立法呈分散化的态势下,传统民法总则失去了原有概念法学上的价值和地位,仅在立法形式和工具意义上有其保留价值,而财产权总则这种中介性立法层次则可真正有效地整合财产关系、厘清财产关系和人身关系,并在法典的统领性和立法专门化之间寻求一种合理的平衡。

The article makes a demonstration of structural flaws about tradtional civil law , from the absence of general regulations of civil rights in tradional civil law code. And it presents a proposition of setting up general rules of property rights in the future civil law code to intergrate the system of property rights. In the civil law code based on rights, the general rules of civil law took no action in setting apart property rights from personal rights, and it lacks the scientific legislative regulation on property rights . Confronting the rapid rising of intangible property , the general rules of property rights can rearrange the property rights effectively and seek a reasonable balance between the command of civil code and specialization of legislation.