塔里木河中下游表层土壤盐分空间变异性研究

Study on the Spatial Variability of Topsoil Salinities in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Tarim River, Xinjiang

以新疆生产建设兵团农二师 33团为研究区 ,根据植被的变化选取土壤样点 ,运用地统计学方法对表层 (0～ 30cm)土壤盐分的空间分布特征进行定量分析 ,并绘出盐分的等值线图。结果表明 :土壤盐分数据符合对数正态分布 ,在一定范围内存在空间变异性。

In this paper, a case study on the spatial variability of topsoil (0～30 cm in depth) salinities is carried out in 33rd Farm, Second Division, Xinjiang Group Company of Production and Construction. The study area (40°30′～41°30′N, 86°15′～88°00′E) is located in the lower reaches of the Tarim River, the annual precipitation here varies in a range of 20～40 mm, but the evaporation is as high as 2 965 mm; the study area is rich in sunshine, and the annual sunshine duration is about 3 000 hours; the annual, minimum and maximum air temperatures are higher than 10 ℃, -20 ℃ and 39 ℃ respectively; and the average and longest frost-free periods are 184 days and 212 days respectively. The study results show that the total topsoil salinities are in a lognormal distribution, it under the natural vegetation is in an un-normal distribution, and there is a spatial variability within a certain extent; the total topsoil salinity under the natural vegetation varies in a range of 0.497%～29.96%, and it in the artificial ecosystems and the cultivated lands varies in a range of 0.079%～ 0.497%.