"平等"视角下的人权、民权与国权——析孙中山的"三民主义"之得失

Human Rights, Civil Rights and National Rights in the Perspective of "Equality"- On the advantages and disadvantages of theThree People's Principles by Dr. Sun Yat-sen

孙中山的"三民主义"主要是将现代性价值中的"平等"与中国近代国情相结合的产物。其内容涵括:民生主义--"贫富均等"个人人权的表述;民权主义--民众公权与精英治权相平衡的构思;民族主义--国家主权平等的文化追求。三民主义对中国近代化作出了不可磨灭的贡献;同时,它又蕴含着无可规避的历史局限性。

The Three People's Principles by Dr. Sun Yat-sen are established by combining the 'equality' in modern value with conditions of modern China. It includes; the People's Livelihood - expression of individual human rights as ' equality between the poor and the rich' ; Democracy - balance between civil rights and rule by the elite; Nationalism - cultural pursuit of a equal sovereignty. Although the Principles have made great contributions to Chinese modernization, they inevitably have historical limits.