德兴铜矿铜污染状况调查及植物修复研究

A Study on Pollution of Environment by Copper and its Phytoremediation in Dexing Copper Mine

铜是生命必需的营养元素,适量的铜对人和动植物都是有益的,但过量的铜对生物的生长发育会造成危害。受重金属污染的水体、土壤或是富含重金属铜的矿区、尾矿堆积区对生态环境会造成很大的破坏。2003年夏,课题组成员对江西德兴铜矿采矿区、尾矿堆积区、生活区以及下游河流大圬河、乐安河的水域、土壤进行了铜污染状况的调查,并且检测了矿区周围40余种优势植物体内积累的铜含量。分析表明,矿区铜污染极为严重,土壤中铜含量平均高达186mg/kg,大圬河河水铜含量在15～30mg/L之间,底泥的铜含量在500～9000mg/kg之间,乐安河的底泥铜含量达500m/kg。经对植物体内铜含量的测定,筛选出16种植物铜的积累量在100mg/kg以上,这些植物可用于对土壤和水体进行铜污染的植物修复技术的研究。

Copper is an essential nourishment in creature. Just the right amount of copper is beneficial to life, but too much is harmful. Heavy metal-contaminated water and soil,tail mineral, minedistrict will break the environment. In 2003 summer, a survey of water, bottom mine in Lean river and Dawu river and tail mineral, soil was conducted. Chemical analysis indicated that the river water contained exceptionally high concentrations of copper. Copper content in Dawu river was between 15～30 mg/L.The amount of copper in bottom mine was between 500～9 000 mg/kg. The copper content in bottom mine of Lean river reached to 500 mg/kg, and in mineral soil it was up to 186 mg/kg.The plants that collected were sieved, getting 16 kinds of advantage plant with copper measures above 100 mg/kg. They may be used to clean the copper pollutant from soil and river.