论英语里的前置宾语生格

On Premodifying Objective Genitive in English

英语的物主代词或生格名词修饰一个名词时除了可以表示所属、施事等之外 ,还可以表示受事。物主代词或生格名词表示的受事称为前置宾语生格。前置宾语生格用于动作名词或施事名词短语中 ,所表示的意义跟后置宾语生格即 of-生格相同。本文试图运用经济原则和标记理论对前置宾语生格的成因作出解释 ,并通过实例来分析名词短语中同一生格形式表达不同语义关系的复杂性和某些动作名词在生格应用上所具有的独特性。

Modifying a noun, the possessive pronoun or the noun in the genitive case in English may indicate the patient, in addition to the possession, the agent, etc. The possessive pronoun or the genitive noun indicating the patient is called the premodifying objective genitive, which is used in the action-noun or the agentive-noun phrase, and the meaning of which is identical with that indicated by the postmodifying objective genitive, or the of-genitive. This paper attempts to make an explanation for the cause behind the premodifying objective genitive on the economy principle and the markedness theory, and to make an analysis, by example, of the complexity that different semantic relationships are expressed in the same form in the noun phrase, and of the uniqueness that some action nouns have in the use of the genitive.